KINH CẦU - REQUIEM- by ANNA AKHMATOVA

 http://www.tinvan.limo/2023/01/requiem-i.html

 

Requiem I

January 06, 2023

Quà Tết của Gấu.

 

 

Sẽ là toàn bài Requiem, gồm ba phần, nguyên tác, bản tiếng Anh - từ 1 số bản tiếng Anh của D.M. Thomas, Lyn Coffin, Judith, và của 1 số Đại học có trên net.

Bản tiếng Việt - sẽ dịch thật sát nguyên tác, không có phóng dịch.

Tiếp liền là trường thi Bi Khúc Phương Bắc,

Cẩn.

NQT

 

 

REQUIEM

 

“No, not under a foreign heavenly-cope, and

Not canopied by foreign wings —

I was with my people in those hours,

There where, unhappily, my people were.”

In the fearful years of the Yezhov terror I spent seventeen months in prison queues in Leningrad. One day somebody “identified' me. Beside me, in the queue, there was a woman with blue lips. She had, of course, never heard of me; but she suddenly came out of that trance so common to us all and whispered in my ear (everybody spoke in whispers there): Can you describe this?' And I said: 'Yes, I can.' And then something like the shadow of a smile crossed what had once been her face.

1 April 1957, Leningrad

Trans. D.M. Thomas

 

 

 

CẦU SIÊU 

 

 

“Không, không phải dưới thiên đường ngoại lai, và

Không được che chở bởi đôi cánh nước ngoài -

Tôi đã ở đồng bào của mình

trong những giờ giấc bất hạnh đó

Thật không may, ở.

 

 

Trong những năm kinh hoàng của khủng bố Yezhov, tôi đã trải qua mười bảy tháng xếp hàng ở nhà tù Leningrad. Một ngày, ai đó đã "xác định" tôi. Ngoài tôi ra, trong hàng, là một người phụ nữ với đôi môi tím ngắt. Tất nhiên, bà ấy chưa bao giờ nghe nói về tôi; nhưng, đột nhiên, như thoát ra khỏi trạng thái xuất thần rất phổ biến đối với tất cả chúng tôi và thì thầm vào tai tôi (mọi người nói bằng những thì thầm ở đó):

Bạn có thể mô tả điều này không?'

Và tôi nói: 'Vâng, tôi có thể.'

Và rồi một cái gì đó giống như bóng của một nụ cười thoáng qua khuôn mặt từng là khuôn mặt của bà.

Tháng 4 năm 1957, Leningrad

 

 

 

REQUIEM 

 

 

No, No, not under the vault of alien skies,

And not under the shelter of alien wings —

I was with my people then,

There, where my people, unfortunately, were. 

 

 

INSTEAD OF A PREFACE 

 

In the terrible years of the Yezhov terror, I spent seventeen months in the prison lines of Leningrad. Once, someone "recognized” me. Then a woman with bluish lips standing behind me, who, of course, had never heard me called by name before, woke up from the stupor to which everyone had succumbed and whispered in my ear (everyone spoke in whispers there):

"Can you describe this?"

And I answered: "Yes, I can."

Then something that looked like a smile passed over what had once been her face.

April 1, 1957

Leningrad

Trans. Judith

 

[pp. 131-151 "The Complete Poems of

ANNA AKHMATOVA"

 

REQUIEM 

 

 

According to Lydia Chukovskaya, Requiem was memorized by people whom Akhmatova trusted, ten in all. The manuscripts as a rule were burned. Only in 1962 did Akhmatova give “Requiem” to the journal “Novy Mir”, but they rejected it. By this time “samizdat” (underground) copies were circulating widely. One of the copies made its way abroad and was published in Munich, 1963.

Instead of a Preface

Nadezhda Mandelstam writes, in “Hope Abandoned”, that "Stalin's Great Purge reached its height under the direction of Nikolay Yezhov (1894-1939), chief of the NKVD [the secret police] from 1936-38. He was then made the scapegoat for its 'excesses.' He was succeeded by Beria in 1938, and was probably executed in 1939, although there has never been any official information about his fate."

Akhmatova’s son Lev Gumilyov was first arrested in 1933 on trumped-up charges but was released nine days later. In October 1935 he was arrested again along with Punin. After Akhmatova wrote a letter to Stalin, they were both released in November 1935. Lev was arrested again in March 1938 and sentenced to ten years in the camps. The case was reviewed, and the sentence was changed to five years. He was released during World War II to fight against the Germans released only in 1956 under a general amnesty following Stalin’s death.

In 1975, he was "rehabilitated" and declared innocent. Punin was also arrested in 1949 and sent to a Siberian camp, where he died in 1953.

Akhmatova, whose son was in prison, waited in line with others hoping to learn something about the fate of their relatives.

[Judith]

****

 

REQUIEM 

 

 

No, it wasn't under a foreign heaven,

It wasn't under the wing of a foreign power, —

I was there among my countrymen,

I was where my people, unfortunately, were.

1961 

 

INSTEAD OF A PREFACE 

 

 

In the awful years of Yezhovian horror, I spent seventeen months standing in line in front of various prisons in Leningrad. One day someone “recognized" me. Then a woman with blue lips, who was standing behind me, and who, of course, had never heard my name, came out of the stupor which typified all of us, and whispered into my ear (everyone there spoke only in whispers):

—Can you describe this?

And I said:

—I can.

Then something like a fleeting smile passed over what

once had been her face.

April 1, 1957

Leningrad

 

N. I. Yezhov: head of the NKVD, the Soviet Secret Police from 1936 to 1938, was noted for his ferocity. He presided over the great purges, and the period of 1936-1938 is therefore known as

"Yezhovshchina."

Trans. Lyn Coffin 

 

***

REQUIEM 

 

No, not under a foreign heavenly-cope, and

Not canopied by foreign wings —

I was with my people in those hours,

There where, unhappily, my people were.

In the fearful years of the Yezhov terror I spent seventeen months in prison queues in Leningrad. One day somebody “identified' me. Beside me, in the queue, there was a woman with blue lips. She had, of course, never heard of me; but she suddenly came out of that trance so common to us all and whispered in my ear (everybody spoke in whispers there): Can you describe this?' And I said: 'Yes, I can.' And then something like the shadow of a smile crossed what had once been her face.

I April 1957, Leningrad

Trans. D.M. Thomas

“Requiem”

This great work, grieving for her son and all Russia, was preserved by memory alone. It was not published until 1965, in Munich, 'without the author's knowledge or permission'.

[D.M. Thomas]

 

 

Bản tiếng Việt sẽ dựa trên 1 số bản dịch tiếng Anh, và sau chót, một vị thân hữu sẽ đối chiếu, với nguyên tác tiếng Nga.

Cẩn

NQT

 

 ****

 

 http://www.tinvan.limo/2023/01/requieme-iii-prologue.html

 

 

***

 

 http://www.tinvan.limo/2023/01/prolgue-ii-iii.html

****